One of the issues facing the transportation system regarding paved suburban roads and airport runways is the icing of the pavement surface, which may lead to accidents..
In recent years, researchers are looking for de-icing techniques that in addition to having high efficiency it would be cost-effective too. In the past years, the traditional way to deal with this phenomenon in our country has been the use of salt along with gravel and sand on the surface of the road. Due to corrosive nature of the salt, as well as the breakdown of large ices and turning into small pieces of ice that can be thrown to the band, this method can not be used at the airport. Salt is not recommended due to environmental issues. Nowadays, the new methods have been implemented in some developed countries. Among these methods, snow and ice melting by using some materials such as carbon fiber, conductive particles, nano-materials and composite materials using carbon particles and metal shaving can be mentioned in the concrete. These methods often have high initial costs, but due to the investigation of the life cycle of the pavement, high efficiency and performance of these methods have made them different from the other methods. These methods are mainly focused on the electrically conductive materials such as carbon fibers, nickel, graphite for conducting concrete.